WEP Exemptions: Who Avoids the Windfall Elimination Provision
Learn who is exempt from WEP and how to qualify for exemption through years of coverage.
Key Takeaways
- 130+ years of substantial SS earnings eliminates WEP
- 221-29 years progressively reduces WEP impact
- 3Federal employees on 12/31/1983 with CSRS may be exempt
- 4Survivor benefits are not subject to WEP
- 5Railroad Retirement has specific exemption rules
- 6Part-time SS-covered work counts toward years
- 7Substantial earnings threshold changes annually
Years of Coverage Exemption
The primary way to avoid or reduce WEP is through years of coverage - having enough years of substantial earnings in Social Security-covered employment.
| Years of Substantial Earnings | First Bend Point Percentage | WEP Impact |
|---|---|---|
| 20 or fewer | 40% | Maximum WEP |
| 21 years | 45% | Reduced WEP |
| 25 years | 65% | Reduced WEP |
| 29 years | 85% | Minimal WEP |
| 30+ years | 90% | NO WEP - Exempt |
Goal: 30 Years
If you have a non-covered pension and want Social Security benefits, work toward 30 years of substantial SS-covered earnings to completely eliminate WEP.
What Are Substantial Earnings?
To count as a "year of coverage," you need to earn at least the substantial earnings threshold for that year in Social Security-covered wages.
- **2024 threshold**: $31,275
- **2023 threshold**: $29,700
- **2022 threshold**: $27,300
- Threshold adjusts annually with wage growth
- Only SS-covered wages count (not government pension wages)
- Part-time work counts if you meet threshold
Other WEP Exemptions
Beyond years of coverage, some other situations exempt you from WEP.
- **Survivor benefits**: WEP doesn't apply to SS survivor benefits
- **Federal employees 12/31/1983**: Some CSRS workers exempt
- **No non-covered pension**: WEP only applies with non-covered pension
- **Pension from SS-covered work**: Only non-covered pensions trigger WEP
- **Disability before 1986**: Some disability recipients exempt
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How to Qualify for Exemption
Strategies to achieve WEP exemption.
- 1Request your Social Security earnings record at ssa.gov
- 2Count years you met substantial earnings threshold
- 3Identify gaps where you could add years
- 4Consider part-time SS-covered work during government career
- 5Work SS-covered job before or after government career
- 6Track substantial earnings threshold annually
- 7Aim for 30 years to eliminate WEP entirely
Even Without WEP, Build Additional Savings
Whether exempt from WEP or not, relying solely on pension and Social Security may leave you vulnerable to inflation and other risks.
- Government pensions have limited COLAs
- Social Security COLA may not match real inflation
- Additional savings provides retirement flexibility
- Gold IRA offers inflation protection
- 403(b) and 457 plans available to most government workers
- Augusta Precious Metals helps with retirement rollovers
Frequently Asked Questions
1Can I count self-employment toward years of coverage?
Yes, if you paid self-employment tax (Social Security and Medicare) and met the substantial earnings threshold for those years.
2Does work outside the US count?
Only if it was SS-covered work (some US citizens working abroad) or in a country with a Social Security totalization agreement.
3What if I have 25 years - is it worth trying for 30?
At 25 years, WEP is already reduced. Whether it's worth working 5 more years depends on your age, health, and how much additional SS benefit you'd gain.
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